Small Business Programs

Government ContractSet-Aside Programs

Federal agencies use set-aside programs to reserve eligible acquisitions for qualifying small businesses. Understand each program, its eligibility requirements, and how to find relevant opportunities.

Definition

What are government set-aside programs? Government set-aside programs are federal procurement preferences that reserve eligible acquisitions for qualifying small businesses. The 8(a), SDVOSB, WOSB, and HUBZone programs can limit the eligible offeror pool and, when program-specific conditions are met, provide a path to a sole-source award.

Key Takeaways

  • The federal government targets 23% of all prime contract dollars for small businesses, with specific subcategory goals for each set-aside program.
  • Four major set-aside programs exist: 8(a) for disadvantaged businesses, SDVOSB for veteran-owned, WOSB for women-owned, and HUBZone for businesses in underutilized areas.
  • Each program includes a potential sole-source path, but the applicable thresholds, competition rules, and exceptions differ by program.
  • SBA certification is required for all four major set-aside programs. Application timing depends on the program and when SBA considers a package complete.
  • Businesses can hold multiple certifications simultaneously and may qualify to compete for more solicitations when each certification is current and all solicitation-specific requirements are met.

Federal Set-Aside Programs

Four major SBA-administered programs that reserve contracts for certified small businesses

8(a)

8(a) Business Development Program

SBA program for socially and economically disadvantaged small businesses. It provides business-development support and may provide access to set-aside or sole-source awards when the applicable requirements are met during its 9-year term.

  • Competition generally above $5.5M (nonmanufacturing)
  • 9-year program term
  • Mentoring and business development

SDVOSB

Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business

Set-aside program for businesses owned and controlled by service-disabled veterans. The current government-wide SDVOSB contracting goal is 5%.

  • Potential sole-source path subject to conditions and the $5M nonmanufacturing threshold
  • 5% government-wide goal
  • SBA VetCert certification

WOSB

Women-Owned Small Business

Program providing contracting opportunities for women-owned small businesses in industries where they are underrepresented. Includes the EDWOSB subcategory for additional opportunities.

  • Potential sole-source path subject to conditions and the $5.5M nonmanufacturing threshold
  • 5% government-wide goal
  • NAICS-code restricted

HUBZone

Historically Underutilized Business Zone

Program for businesses located in economically distressed areas. Requires maintaining a principal office in a HUBZone and employing residents of HUBZones.

  • 10% price evaluation preference
  • Potential sole-source path subject to conditions and the $5.5M nonmanufacturing threshold
  • 3% government-wide goal

Program Comparison

How the four major set-aside programs compare across key dimensions

Factor8(a)SDVOSBWOSBHUBZone
Nonmanufacturing threshold*$5.5M$5M$5.5M$5.5M
Manufacturing threshold*$8.5M$8.5M$8.5M$8.5M
Government-wide Goal5% (SDB)5%5%3%
Program Duration9 yearsUnlimitedUnlimitedUnlimited*
Price Evaluation PreferenceNoNoNo10% factor

* Thresholds effective October 1, 2025. The 8(a) figures are competitive thresholds with limited FAR exceptions; the other figures are sole-source limits. HUBZone certification must be recertified every three years.

Why Set-Asides Matter for Contractors

Understanding set-aside programs can fundamentally change your federal contracting strategy

Defined Offeror Pool

Set-asides limit eligibility to businesses that meet the designated program requirements. A smaller eligible pool does not predict whether any firm will win.

Potential Sole-Source Path

A contracting officer may consider a sole-source award only when the applicable program eligibility, threshold, responsibility, price, and other acquisition-rule conditions are satisfied.

Government-Wide Goals

Federal small-business contracting goals guide agency acquisition planning, but a certification does not guarantee a solicitation or award.

Relevant Past Performance

Performing a set-aside contract can contribute relevant past performance for future pursuits, subject to the evaluating agency's criteria and verification.

Mentor-Protégé Option

Eligible small businesses may pursue an SBA mentor-protégé agreement under current program requirements; certification alone does not create a mentoring relationship.

Multiple Certifications

A business may hold certifications such as SDVOSB and HUBZone at the same time. Each must remain current, and eligibility is evaluated for the specific solicitation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about government contract set-aside programs

What is a government contract set-aside?

A set-aside is a federal contracting preference that restricts competition for certain contracts to specific categories of small businesses. Under the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), contracting officers must set aside acquisitions for small businesses when there is a reasonable expectation that at least two responsible small businesses will submit competitive offers.

How much of federal spending goes to set-aside contracts?

The government-wide prime-contracting goal is 23% for small businesses. Current socioeconomic goals are 5% for small disadvantaged businesses, 5% for service-disabled veteran-owned small businesses, 5% for women-owned small businesses, and 3% for HUBZone businesses. These are procurement goals, not shares reserved in every agency or industry.

Can a business qualify for multiple set-aside programs?

Yes, a business can hold multiple certifications simultaneously. For example, a service-disabled veteran-owned business located in a HUBZone may hold both SDVOSB and HUBZone certifications if it meets each program's requirements. Multiple certifications may make a firm eligible to compete for more solicitations, but each certification must be current and the firm must meet the solicitation-specific requirements.

What is the difference between a set-aside and a sole-source contract?

A set-aside restricts competition to eligible businesses within a specific category but generally involves competition among those businesses. A sole-source award does not use that competition. Program-specific statutes and acquisition rules establish eligibility, thresholds, responsibility, price, and other conditions; being below a threshold does not by itself authorize a sole-source award.

How do I find set-aside contract opportunities?

Set-aside opportunities are posted on SAM.gov with specific set-aside type codes. You can filter by set-aside type on SAM.gov or use Gov Contract Finder to search and receive alerts for set-aside contracts matching your NAICS codes, certifications, and keywords.

Do I need to be SBA-certified to bid on set-aside contracts?

For most set-aside programs, yes. The SBA manages certification for 8(a), SDVOSB, WOSB/EDWOSB, and HUBZone programs. You must have an active certification in the relevant program at the time of bid submission. General small business set-asides only require that you meet SBA size standards for your NAICS code.

Find Set-Aside Contracts for Your Business

Search thousands of set-aside opportunities, get alerts for new postings, and track deadlines with Gov Contract Finder.